Jefferson, Louisiana Purchase, Lewis And Clark

Jefferson
Should be a nation of small farms
“All men should be created equal”
Policies contradicted his policies

Sec State- James Madison
Sec Treasury- Albert Gallatin- Was able to lower the national debt by cutting costs

Jefferson and the Courts
- Judiciary Act of 1801- Midnight Appointments by John Adams gave court positions to Federalists and not jefferson’s republicans
- Marbury v Madison- 1st time judicial review is used for the first time
Marshall Court
- Served as Chief Justice till 1835
- Made the Supreme Court equal to the two other branches by declaring the Court’s right to review the other branches’ actions
- Upheld the power of the national govt over the rts of the states
- Helped the Federalists have the voice in the govt

Louisiana Purchase
-The USA only extended as far west as the Mississippi River
-Farmers used the river for shipping their crops down river, through Spanish controlled New Orleans.
- Suddenly in 1802 the Spanish changed their mind and stopped letting American pass goods through New Orleans
- Also that year, Spain sold the territory to France and Napoleon Bonaparte
- Jefferson was scared and sent James Madison to France to negotiate a deal
- Louisiana Territory sold in 1803 by the French to the USA for $15 Million
- Nearly doubled the size of the country

Lewis and Clark
-Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were hired by the US Govt to go explore the territory. Both had experience with native Americans and both were knowledgable scientist
-Their crew included river experts, carpenters, gunsmith, scouts, and a cook. Two men who had Native American and French blood served as interpreters.

Jefferson instructed them to cross the Rockies and find a trail to the Pacific Ocean
-They were also to learn as much about Native Americans as possible. Also they were to treat them “in the most friendly and conciliatory manner.”
-Also find out about the plants and animals
-Began in St’ Louis and traveled along the Missouri River
-Encountered Sacagawea who became their guide and interpreter
- Helped them gather supplies and directions from the Shoshone Tribe (her tribe)
- In all they traveled 4,000 miles over 18 months when they reached the Pacific Ocean at the mouth of the Columbia River

Their expedition inspired the rest of the nation to explore and move west.